| 1 | VET | Sebastian Vettel | D |  |  | Red Bull Racing | Red Bull RB8 'Abbey' | Renault RS27 | Pirelli |
| 2 | WEB | Mark Alan Webber | AUS |  | Red Bull RB8 |
| R/T | BUE | Sébastien Buemi | CH |  |
| 3 | BUT | Jenson Alexander Lyons Button | GB |  |  | Vodafone McLaren Mercedes | McLaren MP4-27 | Mercedes FO108Z | Pirelli |
| 4 | HAM | Lewis Carl Davidson Hamilton | GB | |
| R/T | PAF | Gary Paffett | GB | |
| R/T | | Oliver Turvey | GB | |
| 5 | ALO | Fernando Alonso Díaz | E |  |  | Scuderia Ferrari | Ferrari F2012 | Ferrari 056 | Pirelli |
| 6 | MAS | Felipe Massa | BR |  |
| R/T | FIS | Giancarlo Fisichella | I |  |
| R/T | GEN | Marc Gené Guerrero | E | |
| R/T | | Davide Rigon | I | |
| 7 | MSC | Michael Schumacher | D | |  | Mercedes AMG Petronas F1 Team | Mercedes F1 W03 | Mercedes FO108Z | Pirelli |
| 8 | ROS | Nico Erik Rosberg | D | |
| 9 | RAI | Kimi-Matias Räikkönen | FIN |  |  | Lotus F1 Team | Lotus E20 | Renault RS27 | Pirelli |
| 10 | GRO | Romain Grosjean | F |  |
| 10 | DAM | Jérôme D'Ambrosio | B |  |
| 11 | DIR | Paul Di Resta | GB | |  | Sahara Force India F1 Team | Force India VJM05 | Mercedes FO108Z | Pirelli |
| 11,12 | BIA | Jules Bianchi | F | |
| 12 | HUL | Nicolas Hülkenberg | D | |
| 14 | KOB | Kamui Kobayashi | J |  |  | Sauber F1 Team | Sauber C31 | Ferrari 056 | Pirelli |
| 15 | PER | Sergio Pérez Mendoza | MEX |  |
| 15 | GUT | Esteban Manuel Gutiérrez Gutiérrez | MEX | |
| 16 | RIC | Daniel Ricciardo | AUS | |  | Scuderia Toro Rosso | Toro Rosso STR7 | Ferrari 056 | Pirelli |
| 17 | VER | Jean-Éric Vergne | F | |
| R/T | BUE | Sébastien Buemi | CH | |
| 18 | MAL | Pastor Rafael Maldonado Motta | YV |  |  | Williams F1 Team | Williams FW34 | Renault RS27 | Pirelli |
| 19 | SEN | Bruno Senna Lalli | BR | |
| 19 | BOT | Valtteri Bottas | FIN | |
| 20 | KOV | Heikki Johannes Kovalainen | FIN | |  | Caterham F1 Team | Caterham CT01 | Renault RS27 | Pirelli |
| 20 | RSI | Alexander Rossi | USA |  |
| 20,21 | VDG | Giedo van der Garde | NL |  |
| 21 | PET | Vitaly Aleksandrovich Petrov | RUS |  |
| 22 | DLR | Pedro Martinez de la Rosa | E | |  | HRT F1 Team | HRT F112 | Cosworth CA2012 | Pirelli |
| 23 | KAR | Kumar Ram Narain Karthikeyan | IND |  |
| 23 | CLO | Daniel Clos Alvarez | E | |
| 23 | | Ma Qing Hua | CN |  |
| 24 | GLO | Timo Glock | D | |  | Marussia F1 Team | Marussia MR01 | Cosworth CA2012 | Pirelli |
| 25 | PIC | Charles Pic | F | |
| 25 | CHI | Max Chilton | GB | |
| legend |
All engine specs in 2012 are 2.4 V8 @90°
All cars may use KERS - Kinetic Energy Recovery System - in 2012.
Pirelli will be the sole tyre supplier for all cars in 2012.
|
| R/T | Reserve/Test Driver |
| story |
- In June 2011, Williams announced that they would be using Renault engines for the 2012 and 2013 seasons.
- In the week before the 2011 Indian Grand Prix, Force India announced that the Sahara Group had purchased a 42.5% stake in the team. The investment gives the Sahara Group and team principal Vijay Mallya an equal stake in the team, with team director Michiel Mol controlling the remaining 15% of the team. Under the terms of the sale, the Sahara Group will become Force India's naming-rights sponsor.
- December 2011: Several teams were given permission to change their constructor names:
- Team Lotus renamed to Caterham F1 Team
- Lotus Renault GP renamed to Lotus F1 Team
- Marussia Virgin Racing renamed to Marussia F1 Team
- December 2011: Mercedes GP announced that they were to change their team name to Mercedes AMG.
- Jérôme d'Ambrosio left Virgin Racing and later joined Lotus F1 as third driver.
- Rubens Barrichello was not retained by Williams, leaving him with no seat after a record nineteen seasons in Formula One.
- Sébastien Buemi was released by Toro Rosso and later joined parent team Red Bull Racing as testing and reserve driver.
- Pedro de la Rosa will return to Formula One with HRT.
- Reigning GP2 Series champion Romain Grosjean will return to Formula One with Lotus F1.
- Nico Hülkenberg will return to Formula One with Force India.
- Narain Karthikeyan will return to HRT.
- Vitaly Petrov was released by Lotus F1. In February 2012, it was announced that Petrov will join Caterham, replacing Jarno Trulli.
- Charles Pic will join Marussia, replacing Jérôme d'Ambrosio.
- Kimi Räikkönen will return to the sport with the Lotus F1 Team.
- Bruno Senna joined Williams after competing for Renault the second half of the 2011 season.
- Adrian Sutil left Force India, having spent six years with both the team and its previous incarnations, Spyker and Midland.
- Jarno Trulli left Caterham after two seasons with the team, leaving him without a seat for the 2012 season.
- Jean-Éric Vergne will join Toro Rosso.
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